383 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
383 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);background-color:rgb(243, 244, 244);">WordPress</font><font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);"> 是由 </font><font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);background-color:rgb(243, 244, 244);">PHP</font><font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);"> 语言开发的一款开源博客平台。运行在典型的</font><font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);background-color:rgb(243, 244, 244);">LNMP/LAMP</font><font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);"> 环境中。</font>
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# <font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">安装MySQL数据库</font>
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| **主机名称** | **IP地址** | **操作系统** | **硬件最低配置** |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| wordpress-db | 192.168.0.50 | Rocky9.0 | 1核心CPU/1G内存/20G磁盘 |
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添加MySQL8.0仓库
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```shell
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tee /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-8.0.repo <<EOF
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[mysql80-community]
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name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
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baseurl=https://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/9/x86_64/
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enabled=1
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gpgcheck=0
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EOF
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```
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安装MySQL8.0版本
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```shell
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dnf install -y mysql-community-server-8.0.30-1.el9.x86_64
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```
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启动MySQL
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```shell
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systemctl enable mysqld --now
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```
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过滤MySQL ROOT初始密码
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```shell
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grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
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```
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使用初始密码登录数据库，格式： `mysql -u 用户名 -p密码`（ -p与密码之间不能有空格，其他参数可有可无，密码如果有特殊字符需要用引起来）
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```shell
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mysql -u root -p"9VZ<oQcwi=qL"
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```
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需要重新修改root密码
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```shell
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mysql> alter user root@"localhost" identified by "Admin123...";
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```
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退出数据库，并使用新密码登录
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```shell
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mysql -uroot -p'Admin123...'
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```
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">创建数据库远程访问账号</font>
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```shell
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CREATE USER 'wordpress'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'wp123...A';
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'wordpress'@'%';
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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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```
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创建 wordpress 库用于项目存储数据
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```shell
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create database wordpress;
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```
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# <font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">安装Nginx WEB服务</font>
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| **主机名称** | **IP地址** | **操作系统** | **硬件最低配置** |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| wordpress | 192.168.0.51 | Rocky 9.0 | 1核心CPU/1G内存/20G磁盘 |
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">准备Nginx稳定版仓库，仓库地址：</font>[https://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#RHEL](https://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#RHEL)
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```shell
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[nginx-stable]
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name=nginx stable repo
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baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
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gpgcheck=1
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enabled=1
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gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
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module_hotfixes=true
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```
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安装Nginx与PHP软件包
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```shell
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dnf install nginx-1.20.2 php php-fpm php-mysqlnd php-gd freetype-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel -y
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```
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<details class="lake-collapse"><summary id="ue10c6b96"><strong><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 24px">Nginx常用相关文件：</span></strong></summary><p id="u67d3967e" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">/etc/nginx/nginx.conf //Nginx主配置文件</span></p><p id="u9e59934c" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">/usr/share/nginx/html/ //Nginx网页目录</span></p><p id="ud90cb43a" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">/var/log/nginx/error.log //Nginx错误日志文件</span></p><p id="u962499d9" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">/var/log/nginx/access.log //Nginx访问日志文件</span></p><p id="udf251277" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">/etc/nginx/conf.d/ //虚拟web主机目录</span></p></details>
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<details class="lake-collapse"><summary id="u95c78b7a"><strong><span class="ne-text" style="font-size: 24px">PHP软件包介绍：</span></strong></summary><p id="u270e465b" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="font-size: 16px">php </span><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">//是php代码的解释器</span></p><p id="u96418c5d" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">php-fpm //管理php进程接收请求</span></p><p id="uf3ed27f2" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">php-mysqlnd //PHP连接MySQL的扩展，连接MySQL数据库并进行增删改查</span></p><p id="uc23a693e" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">php-gd //php处理图片扩展，如生成图片、裁剪图片、缩放图片等</span></p><p id="u349839b8" class="ne-p"><span class="ne-text" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px">freetype-devel，libjpeg-turbo-devel //处理字体和图片的软件包</span></p></details>
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">修改配置文 </font><font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);background-color:rgb(243, 244, 244);">/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf</font><font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);"> 指定PHP运行的用户与组，并开启PHP状态页面用于监控PHP状态。</font>
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```shell
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#指定PHP程序运行时的用户和组为Nginx
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user = nginx
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group = nginx
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```
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">修改配置文件</font>`<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">/etc/php.ini</font>`<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">指定php时区</font>
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```shell
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#取消注释，修改PHP时区为亚洲/上海
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date.timezone ="Asia/shanghai"
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```
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# 准备WordPress网站配置文件
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删除Nginx默认的网站（虚拟web主机）配置文件
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```shell
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rm -rf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
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```
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创建wordpress网站配置文件`/etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf`
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```shell
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name localhost;
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location / {
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root /usr/share/nginx/html;
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index index.php index.html;
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}
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location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
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fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;
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fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
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fastcgi_index index.php;
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fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT /usr/share/nginx/html;
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fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
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fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
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include fastcgi_params;
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fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
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fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
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fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
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fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
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fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
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fastcgi_ignore_client_abort off;
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fastcgi_connect_timeout 60;
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fastcgi_send_timeout 180;
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fastcgi_read_timeout 180;
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fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
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fastcgi_buffers 4 256k;
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fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
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fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
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}
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}
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```
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启动Nginx与PHP
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```shell
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systemctl enable nginx php-fpm --now
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```
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# 测试Nginx与PHP连接
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在Nginx网页目录创建文件，测试Nginx与PHP之间的连接
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```php
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<?php
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phpinfo();
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?>
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```
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访问页面测试：<font style="color:#117CEE;">http://192.168.0.51/phpinfo.php</font>
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|  |
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| --- |
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# 测试PHP与MySQL连接
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在Nginx网页目录创建文件，测试PHP与MySQL之间的连接
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```shell
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<?php
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$host = '192.168.0.50'; // 替换为你的数据库主机地址
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$user = 'wordpress'; // 替换为你的数据库用户名
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$password = 'wp123...A'; // 替换为你的数据库密码
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$database = 'wordpress'; // 替换为你的数据库名
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// 创建连接
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$conn = new mysqli($host, $user, $password, $database);
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// 检查连接
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if ($conn->connect_error) {
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die("连接失败: " . $conn->connect_error);
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}
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echo "连接成功";
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$conn->close();
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?>
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```
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访问页面测试：<font style="color:#117CEE;">http://192.168.0.51/mysql.php</font>
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# 部署WordPress项目
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在wordpress主机下载WordPress项目
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```shell
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wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-6.0-zh_CN.tar.gz
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```
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解压WordPress压缩包
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```shell
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tar -xf wordpress-6.0-zh_CN.tar.gz
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```
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删除/usr/share/nginx/html/目录下所有文件
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```shell
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rm -rf /usr/share/nginx/html/*
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```
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将wordpres目录下所有项目文件移动到/usr/share/nginx/html/目录
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```shell
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mv wordpress/* /usr/share/nginx/html/
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```
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切换到/usr/share/nginx/html/目录
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```shell
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cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
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```
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准备wordpress连接数据库配置文件
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```shell
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cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php
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```
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修改wp-config.php文件内容，指定数据库相关信息
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```shell
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define( 'DB_NAME', 'wordpress' );
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/** Database username */
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define( 'DB_USER', 'wordpress' );
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/** Database password */
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define( 'DB_PASSWORD', 'wp123...A' );
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/** Database hostname */
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define( 'DB_HOST', '192.168.0.50' );
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/** Database charset to use in creating database tables. */
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define( 'DB_CHARSET', 'utf8' );
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/** The database collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
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define( 'DB_COLLATE', '' );
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define( 'WP_CACHE', true );
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//配置wordpress认证参数
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define('AUTH_KEY', 'S2i6bE#^eKLwc|2$kn*#1;W,#?.7u~it_bC#lyd{qmddoQyndWqET6|G<{,l ]-a');
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define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', '59Un.*`*,Ojv-+<>aEGfl9wH#Ik,G,+Ab:f?X^a%)_kz{VI/Rq+TY5?rt3^q10Hm');
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define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', '=`}q)k2-9p<eH^c+NbZ&*a5{|W$6JfUlu-t-H4PlgL&!JqG[0{!K{JtIw1aEb%L/');
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define('NONCE_KEY', 'xb??HV#|H{F6fw@IqI2}KZ-Hf$QTcB0&,X<Y4zz|RkS=T#=`.Xr>Hqc1_^@&ye*z');
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define('AUTH_SALT', 'YH.8P.h&oAF&H]-A71adaJ#~}i)Gh/dC:GEUckG%pEp{#)W&&IO$W,kA]sSS6&hZ');
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define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'wPd$jX3|Yq5:Tm!Bd/EGhRU2G_Srfn/R9iNHc/ao_[mpGklZbOmk2Sq+zr^>T3^l');
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define('LOGGED_IN_SALT', 'PibdSiB$%.Zy%8B$^nU]7DEf_8Wb{}d7?GxFm)8B?g,1%}qa(lN9q$Pr#-s`1Qsf');
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define('NONCE_SALT', 'OBW;+_cF$S?4s -lrTpC+zJ,,0:0;I>).>~(h_`]Ga?byYqLFP)4xD4LOjF-ySI{');
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```
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修改项目文件权限，确保Nginx用户对所有项目文件具备完全权限
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```shell
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chown -R nginx.nginx .
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```
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# 访问WordPress页面
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浏览器访问WordPress页面：<font style="color:#117CEE;">http://192.168.0.51</font>
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|  |
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| --- |
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# Redis为网站提供缓存
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">通过Redis将网站访问频次高的数据存储在内存中，来提高网站的性能。</font>
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">在wp-db主机安装Redis数据库</font>
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```shell
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dnf install redis -y
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```
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">Redis默认只允许本地访问，需要修改Redis配置文件允许远程访问</font>
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```shell
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#查找bind 127.0.0.1这一行修改为0.0.0.0允许远程连接。
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bind 0.0.0.0
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```
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启动Redis
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```shell
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systemctl enable redis --now
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```
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在wordpress安装<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">PHP连接Redis扩展模块</font>
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```shell
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#安装epel仓库提供PHP连接Redis扩展模块
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dnf install epel-release -y
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#安装扩展模块
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dnf install php-pecl-redis5 -y
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```
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重启PHP以识别新的扩展模块
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```shell
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systemctl restart php-fpm
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```
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查看PHP扩展模块
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```shell
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php -m | grep redis
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```
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<font style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">修改wp-config.php文件，配置连接Redis</font>
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```shell
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//在连接MySQL下边，添加连接Redis配置
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//指定与Redis通信的客户端(php-pecl-redis)
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define('WP_REDIS_CLIENT', 'pecl');
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//连接数据库的协议
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define('WP_REDIS_SCHEME', 'tcp');
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//Redis主机地址
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define('WP_REDIS_HOST', '192.168.0.50');
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//使用的数据库编号（默认0-15）
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define('WP_REDIS_DATABASE', '0');
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//设置所有缓存键的前缀
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define('WP_CACHE_KEY_SALT', 'wp_');
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//缓存失效时间，以秒为单位，86400为1天
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define('WP_REDIS_MAXTTL', '86400');
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```
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在WordPress中安装支持Redis插件
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|  |
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| --- |
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